{"id":5645,"date":"2026-10-26T18:03:39","date_gmt":"2026-10-26T15:03:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/?p=5645"},"modified":"2026-10-26T18:03:39","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T15:03:39","slug":"adana-izlenimleri-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/2026\/10\/26\/adana-izlenimleri-1\/","title":{"rendered":"ADANA \u0130ZLEN\u0130MLER\u0130 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

SEYHAN\u2019IN KIYISINDA B\u0130R \u015eEHR\u0130N HAFIZASI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc\u2019den Ulu Cami\u2019ye, pamuk a\u011falar\u0131ndan sinema salonlar\u0131na bir \u00c7ukurova yolculu\u011fu<\/em><\/p>\n

Adana denildi\u011finde \u00e7o\u011fumuzun akl\u0131na \u00f6nce \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n bereketli topraklar\u0131, pamuk tarlalar\u0131, kebab\u0131, \u015falgam\u0131 ve yaz aylar\u0131n\u0131n bunalt\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131caklar\u0131 gelir. Biraz tarih bilenler ise Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131, Seyhan Nehri’ni, Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’y\u00fc ve Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan tarih\u00ee yap\u0131lar\u0131 hat\u0131rlarlar. Benim zihnimdeki Adana da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bunlardan olu\u015fuyordu. Ancak \u015fehri dola\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a Adana’n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bir tar\u0131m ve sanayi merkezi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tarih\u00ee, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve toplumsal bak\u0131mdan \u00e7ok daha zengin bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Bir \u015fehri tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca tarih\u00ee eserlerini ziyaret etmek yeterli de\u011fildir. Onun sokaklar\u0131nda dola\u015fmak, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapmak, insanlar\u0131yla konu\u015fmak, yemeklerini tatmak ve g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemek de gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fehirlerin ger\u00e7ek kimli\u011fi, ta\u015f binalarla insanlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkide ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Adana gezimiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda ben de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca \u015fehrin bu farkl\u0131 y\u00fczlerini g\u00f6rmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\u015eehrin tarih\u00ee merkezinde dola\u015f\u0131rken kendimizi Ulu Cami, Ramazano\u011flu Kona\u011f\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck Saat ve eski \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgede bulduk. Buras\u0131 Adana’n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fini en yo\u011fun bi\u00e7imde hissedebilece\u011finiz yerlerden biriydi. Birbirine olduk\u00e7a yak\u0131n mesafelerde bulunan tarih\u00ee yap\u0131lar, birka\u00e7 as\u0131rl\u0131k bir medeniyet birikimini ayn\u0131 mek\u00e2nda g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle Ulu Cami dikkatimi \u00e7ekti. XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilen bu eser, mimarisi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7ti. Sel\u00e7uklu, Meml\u00fck ve Osmanl\u0131 sanat\u0131n\u0131n izlerini birlikte ta\u015f\u0131yordu. \u0130n\u015fas\u0131na 1513 y\u0131l\u0131nda Halil Bey d\u00f6neminde ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f, o\u011flu P\u00eer\u00ee Mehmed Pa\u015fa zaman\u0131nda, 1541 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu tarih, b\u00f6lgenin siyas\u00ee ge\u00e7mi\u015fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7ukurova, Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00f6lgeye kesin olarak h\u00e2kim olmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce uzun s\u00fcre Meml\u00fcklerin n\u00fcfuzu alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f, Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131 da bu siyas\u00ee ortam i\u00e7erisinde varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Ulu Cami’yi yaln\u0131zca bir Osmanl\u0131 eseri olarak g\u00f6rmek eksik olur. O, ayn\u0131 zamanda Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n ve Meml\u00fck k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7evresinin b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izleri de ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Caminin yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Ramazano\u011flu Kona\u011f\u0131 ise beni daha eski bir d\u00f6neme g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. 1495 y\u0131l\u0131nda Halil Bey taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan bu yap\u0131, b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemli siyas\u00ee ve idar\u00ee merkezlerinden biriydi. Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fahlar\u0131ndan Yavuz Sultan Selim’in M\u0131s\u0131r, IV. Murad’\u0131n ise Ba\u011fdat seferi s\u0131ras\u0131nda burada konaklam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, kona\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki \u00f6nemini g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n

Binaya bakarken \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n tarih boyunca neden bu kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. Anadolu ile Suriye aras\u0131nda uzanan yollar\u0131n, Toros ge\u00e7itlerinin ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz ticaretinin kesi\u015fti\u011fi bu co\u011frafya, yaln\u0131zca tar\u0131msal zenginlikleriyle de\u011fil, stratejik konumuyla da \u00e7e\u015fitli devletlerin ilgisini \u00e7ekmi\u015fti. Bu nedenle Adana’n\u0131n tarihini anlamak, bir bak\u0131ma Anadolu, Suriye ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz aras\u0131ndaki tarih\u00ee ili\u015fkileri anlamak demekti.<\/p>\n

Ulu Cami \u00e7evresinde dola\u015f\u0131rken k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ay ocaklar\u0131, geleneksel d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar, gelip ge\u00e7en insanlar ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck tela\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan esnaf da dikkatimi \u00e7ekti. Tarih\u00ee yap\u0131larla \u00e7evrelerindeki g\u00fcndelik hayat aras\u0131nda kendili\u011finden olu\u015fmu\u015f bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck vard\u0131. Bir tarafta ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan eserler, di\u011fer tarafta ayn\u0131 sokaklarda ticaretini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren insanlar bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n

Buras\u0131 yaln\u0131zca ge\u00e7mi\u015fin korundu\u011fu bir a\u00e7\u0131k hava m\u00fczesi de\u011fildi; hayat\u0131n devam etti\u011fi eski bir \u015fehir merkeziydi.<\/p>\n

Bu b\u00f6lgede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m en ilgin\u00e7 hat\u0131ralardan biri de Ziya Pa\u015fa’ya aitti. Tanzimat edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli temsilcilerinden olan Ziya Pa\u015fa’y\u0131 \u015fair, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve devlet adam\u0131 olarak tan\u0131yordum. Ancak mezar\u0131n\u0131n Adana’da bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6rmek beni ayr\u0131ca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ziya Pa\u015fa, 1878 y\u0131l\u0131nda Adana valili\u011fine tayin edilmi\u015f ve 1880 y\u0131l\u0131nda burada vefat etmi\u015fti. Ulu Cami haz\u00eeresine defnedilen \u015fairin kabri bug\u00fcn de bu b\u00f6lgede bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Onun hayat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcnce Osmanl\u0131 modernle\u015fmesinin \u00e7eli\u015fkileri de akl\u0131ma geldi. Ziya Pa\u015fa, bir taraftan geleneksel Osmanl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7erisinde yeti\u015fmi\u015f, di\u011fer taraftan Avrupa’da bulunarak Bat\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle yak\u0131ndan ilgilenmi\u015fti. Yeni Osmanl\u0131lar hareketine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, devlet y\u00f6netimini ele\u015ftirmi\u015f, fikir ve edebiyat hayat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli tart\u0131\u015fmalara \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Adana valili\u011fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda da e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr faaliyetlerine \u00f6nem vermi\u015fti. Yeni okullar a\u00e7t\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, memurlar\u0131n e\u011fitimine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f, \u015fehirde tiyatro faaliyetlerinin geli\u015fmesine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftu. \u0130stanbul’dan tiyatro toplulu\u011fu getirtmesi, onun k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sanat\u0131n toplum hayat\u0131ndaki \u00f6neminin fark\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar \u0130stanbul’da ve Avrupa’n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fehirlerinde fikir m\u00fccadeleleri veren bu Tanzimat ayd\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n hayat yolculu\u011fu, \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n bu kadim \u015fehrinde sona ermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Ziya Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n me\u015fhur beyti burada zihnimde yeniden canland\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u00c2y\u00eenesi i\u015ftir ki\u015finin l\u00e2fa bak\u0131lmaz,<\/em>
\n\u015eahs\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr r\u00fctbe-i akl\u0131 eserinde.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan\u0131n de\u011ferinin s\u00f6zlerinden \u00e7ok ortaya koydu\u011fu eserlerle anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden bu beyit, \u015fairin Adana’daki faaliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcnce ayr\u0131ca anlam kazan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Tarih\u00ee b\u00f6lgede ilerledi\u011fimizde B\u00fcy\u00fck Saat Kulesi’yle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131k. 1882 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlanan bu eser, XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131 \u015fehirlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flanan modernle\u015fme hareketlerinin dikkat \u00e7ekici \u00f6rneklerinden biriydi. Saat kuleleri, yaln\u0131zca zaman\u0131 g\u00f6steren yap\u0131lar de\u011fildi. \u015eehir hayat\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir zaman d\u00fczenine g\u00f6re i\u015flemesinin, modern belediyecili\u011fin ve kamusal hayat\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn de sembolleriydi.<\/p>\n

Ulu Cami ile B\u00fcy\u00fck Saat’in birbirine yak\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 bana ilgin\u00e7 geldi. Bir tarafta XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n din\u00ee ve siyas\u00ee d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 temsil eden bir k\u00fclliye, di\u011fer tarafta XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l Osmanl\u0131 modernle\u015fmesinin sembol\u00fc olan bir saat kulesi vard\u0131. Birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz metrelik mesafe i\u00e7erisinde \u00fc\u00e7 as\u0131rl\u0131k tarih\u00ee d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn izlerini g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ancak Adana’n\u0131n bu tarih\u00ee b\u00f6lgesinde bizi yaln\u0131zca camiler, konaklar ve saat kuleleri kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yordu. Eski \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 ve pazarlar\u0131 da dola\u015ft\u0131k. D\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan ge\u00e7tik, tezg\u00e2hlara bakt\u0131k, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapt\u0131k. G\u00fcnl\u00fck ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya gelen insanlar\u0131, esnaf\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterileriyle ili\u015fkilerini ve \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 hayat\u0131n\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc hareketlili\u011fini g\u00f6zlemledik.<\/p>\n

Benim i\u00e7in \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar, \u015fehirlerin sosyal tarihini anlaman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli mek\u00e2nlar\u0131ndand\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir toplumun \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131, ekonomik durumu, g\u00fcndelik ili\u015fkileri ve hatta k\u00fclt\u00fcrel tercihleri \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda kendini g\u00f6sterir. Eski \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131larda dola\u015f\u0131rken ge\u00e7mi\u015fin yaln\u0131zca mimari yap\u0131larda de\u011fil, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131nda ve esnaf k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde de ya\u015famaya devam etti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n tarih\u00ee \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 da bu bak\u0131mdan olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7ti. Bir zamanlar \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n pamuk ticaretiyle zenginle\u015fmi\u015f, \u00e7evre \u015fehirlerden t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n ve al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapmak isteyen insanlar\u0131n geldi\u011fi bu merkezler, bug\u00fcn de \u015fehrin g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

Elbette Adana’ya gelmi\u015fken \u015fehrin me\u015fhur kebab\u0131n\u0131 yemeden ve \u015falgam\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7meden ayr\u0131lmak olmazd\u0131. Biz de gezimizin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Adana’n\u0131n mutfak k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131maya ay\u0131rd\u0131k. Adana kebab\u0131n\u0131 yedik, \u015falgam\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7tik. B\u00f6ylece \u015fehri yaln\u0131zca tarih\u00ee eserleri ve \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131yla de\u011fil, damak zevkiyle de tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f olduk.<\/p>\n

Adana kebab\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye’nin hemen her yerinde bilinen bir yemektir. Ancak bir yeme\u011fin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehirde yenilmesinin farkl\u0131 bir anlam\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yemekler yaln\u0131zca malzemelerden ve pi\u015firme tekniklerinden ibaret de\u011fildir. Onlar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda bir co\u011frafyan\u0131n \u00fcretim \u015fartlar\u0131, insanlar\u0131n damak al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 ve nesiller boyunca olu\u015fmu\u015f bir mutfak k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc bulunur.<\/p>\n

Adana kebab\u0131n\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc haz\u0131rlan\u0131\u015f\u0131, etin i\u015flenmesi, \u015fi\u015fe yerle\u015ftirilmesi ve ate\u015fte pi\u015firilmesi, bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel birikimin par\u00e7alar\u0131d\u0131r. \u015ealgam ise kendine has ek\u015fimsi tad\u0131yla Adana mutfa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez i\u00e7eceklerinden biridir.<\/p>\n

Kebapla \u015falgam\u0131n bir araya gelmesi, bana \u00c7ukurova mutfa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n karakterini de hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. Bu mutfak, yaln\u0131zca Anadolu’nun de\u011fil, yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Suriye ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n mutfak gelenekleriyle de ili\u015fkili bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7evresine aittir. Et yemekleri, baharatlar, ek\u015fili tatlar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli sebzeler bu geni\u015f co\u011frafyada benzer bi\u00e7imlerde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

Yemek k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc de tarih gibi s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131maz. Ticaret yollar\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7ler ve topluluklar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler, yaln\u0131zca mallar\u0131n de\u011fil, damak zevklerinin de bir yerden ba\u015fka bir yere ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle Adana’da kebap yiyip \u015falgam i\u00e7mek, benim i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca bir yemek molas\u0131 de\u011fildi. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u015fehrin g\u00fcndelik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131man\u0131n da bir par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131. \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131larda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f ve yemek s\u0131ras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00fcndelik hayat, tarih\u00ee eserlerin bize anlatamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fka \u015feyleri g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n

\u015eehirleri \u015fehir yapan unsurlardan biri de budur. Bir kentin haf\u0131zas\u0131 yaln\u0131zca an\u0131tlar\u0131nda de\u011fil, sofralar\u0131nda da ya\u015far.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n tarih\u00ee merkezini dola\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra Seyhan Nehri \u00fczerindeki me\u015fhur Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’ye geldik. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 buras\u0131 gezimizin en etkileyici noktalar\u0131ndan biri oldu.<\/p>\n

Roma d\u00f6neminden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan bu tarih\u00ee k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinde bir s\u00fcre durdum. Seyhan Nehri’ni, nehrin iki yakas\u0131n\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131 tarafta b\u00fct\u00fcn ihti\u015fam\u0131yla y\u00fckselen Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii’ni seyrettim.<\/p>\n

Kar\u015f\u0131mdaki manzara ger\u00e7ekten muhte\u015femdi.<\/p>\n

Bir tarafta as\u0131rlard\u0131r Seyhan’\u0131n iki yakas\u0131n\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayan Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc, di\u011fer tarafta kubbeleri ve minareleriyle \u015fehrin siluetine h\u00e2kim olan Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii bulunuyordu. Nehir k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda a\u011fa\u00e7lar, ye\u015fil alanlar ve parklar uzan\u0131yordu. \u0130nsanlar bo\u015f zamanlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in buralara gelmi\u015flerdi. Kimileri parkta dinleniyor, kimileri nehir boyunca y\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Gen\u00e7ler ise tarih\u00ee k\u00f6pr\u00fc \u00fczerinde foto\u011fraf \u00e7ektiriyor, bu g\u00fczel manzaray\u0131 hat\u0131ralar\u0131na katmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc bana Adana’n\u0131n \u015fimdiye kadar yeterince fark etmedi\u011fim ba\u015fka bir y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’n\u00fcn \u00fczerinde dururken insan kendili\u011finden ge\u00e7mi\u015fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor. K\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00f6keni Roma d\u00f6nemine uzan\u0131yor. Yap\u0131m tarihi hakk\u0131nda farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler bulunmakla birlikte mevcut yap\u0131n\u0131n Roma m\u00fchendislik gelene\u011finin \u00f6nemli \u00f6rneklerinden biri oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. As\u0131rlar boyunca burada farkl\u0131 devletlerin askerleri, t\u00fcccarlar, yolcular ve kervanlar gelip ge\u00e7mi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar ticaret ve ula\u015f\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hayat\u00ee \u00f6neme sahip olan bu k\u00f6pr\u00fc, bug\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, foto\u011fraf \u00e7ektirdi\u011fi ve \u015fehri seyretti\u011fi bir tarih\u00ee mek\u00e2na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki i\u015fleviyle bug\u00fcnk\u00fc kullan\u0131m\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bu farkl\u0131l\u0131k bana tarih\u00ee yap\u0131lar\u0131n zaman i\u00e7erisinde nas\u0131l yeni anlamlar kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrd\u00fc. D\u00fcn ordular\u0131n ve kervanlar\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcden bug\u00fcn gen\u00e7ler ge\u00e7iyor, hat\u0131ra foto\u011fraflar\u0131 \u00e7ektiriyordu. Yap\u0131 ayn\u0131yd\u0131; fakat insanlar\u0131n onunla kurduklar\u0131 ili\u015fki de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Kar\u015f\u0131 tarafta y\u00fckselen Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii ise bu tarih\u00ee manzaray\u0131 tamaml\u0131yordu. 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda ibadete a\u00e7\u0131lan cami, klasik Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinin \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir yorumu niteli\u011findeydi. Genel g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul Sultanahmet Camii’ni, plan\u0131 ve i\u00e7 mek\u00e2n d\u00fczeni bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise Edirne Selimiye Camii’ni hat\u0131rlat\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Alt\u0131 minaresi, b\u00fcy\u00fck kubbesi ve geni\u015f mimari k\u00fctlesiyle Seyhan k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na ayr\u0131 bir g\u00f6rkem kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130n\u015fas\u0131na halk\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f, yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131nda Hac\u0131 Sabanc\u0131 ve Sabanc\u0131 ailesinin \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Bence bu eser Adana’ya ger\u00e7ekten yak\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00dcstelik Sabanc\u0131 ailesinin ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Adana’n\u0131n ekonomik ve sanayi hayat\u0131nda oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rol d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde caminin \u015fehir a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir anlam\u0131 daha vard\u0131. Adana’da yeti\u015fen veya burada g\u00fc\u00e7 kazanan sermaye \u00e7evrelerinin \u015fehrin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve mimari kimli\u011fine b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 izlerden biriydi bu.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’den Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii’ne bakarken biri Roma d\u00f6nemine, di\u011feri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ait iki b\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131n\u0131n Seyhan k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda nas\u0131l g\u00fczel bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck olu\u015fturdu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda Adana’n\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgesini g\u00fczel k\u0131lan yaln\u0131zca tarih\u00ee yap\u0131lar de\u011fildi. Nehir, a\u011fa\u00e7lar, parklar ve insanlar\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131 da bu manzaran\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz par\u00e7alar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u015eehir i\u00e7erisinde dola\u015f\u0131rken dikkatimi \u00e7eken ba\u015fka bir husus da Seyhan Nehri’nin ve ondan beslenen sulama kanallar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fehrin farkl\u0131 kesimlerinde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yd\u0131. Sanki nehir, kollar\u0131 ve kanallar\u0131yla Adana’n\u0131n damarlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n

Bu suyollar\u0131n\u0131n esas amac\u0131 elbette \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n bereketli topraklar\u0131n\u0131 sulamakt\u0131. Ancak \u015fehir i\u00e7erisinden ge\u00e7en kanallar, \u00e7evrelerindeki a\u011fa\u00e7lar ve ye\u015fil alanlarla birlikte Adana’ya ayr\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm kazand\u0131r\u0131yordu. Bunalt\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131caklar\u0131yla bilinen bu \u015fehirde suyun ve ye\u015filli\u011fin bir arada bulunmas\u0131, insana ferahl\u0131k hissi veriyordu.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylesine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir nehrin bir \u015fehre kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fer \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. Nil olmadan Kahire’yi, Dicle olmadan Ba\u011fdat’\u0131, Bo\u011faz olmadan \u0130stanbul’u d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7se Seyhan olmadan Adana’y\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek de o kadar g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu nehir yaln\u0131zca \u015fehrin do\u011fal g\u00fczelli\u011finin kayna\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildi. \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n ekonomik tarihinin de temel unsurlar\u0131ndan biriydi.<\/p>\n

Seyhan’\u0131n sular\u0131yla beslenen bereketli topraklar, tarih boyunca bu b\u00f6lgede tar\u0131m\u0131n geli\u015fmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6zellikle pamuk \u00fcretimi, Adana’n\u0131n ekonomik ve toplumsal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 derinden etkilemi\u015fti. XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren \u00f6nem kazanan pamuk tar\u0131m\u0131, Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde geli\u015fen dokuma ve tekstil sanayisinin de temelini olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Adana, bir zamanlar T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u00f6nemli sanayi merkezlerinden biriydi. \u00c7\u0131r\u00e7\u0131r fabrikalar\u0131, iplik ve dokuma tesisleri, tekstil i\u015fletmeleri ve tar\u0131ma dayal\u0131 sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7 kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Pamuk \u00fcretiminden elde edilen servetler, \u00c7ukurova’da b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahiplerinin, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ailelerin ve a\u011falar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 da sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu ailelerin ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7leri yaln\u0131zca tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f, ticaret, sanayi ve b\u00f6lgenin sosyal hayat\u0131 \u00fczerinde de etkili olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Fakat bu zenginli\u011fin arka plan\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 bir toplumsal ger\u00e7eklik vard\u0131. Bir tarafta geni\u015f topraklara sahip a\u011falar ve b\u00fcy\u00fck servetler, di\u011fer tarafta pamuk tarlalar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan mevsimlik i\u015f\u00e7iler, \u0131rgatlar ve yoksul k\u00f6yl\u00fcler bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n bu s\u0131n\u0131fsal yap\u0131s\u0131, T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131na da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ya\u015far Kemal’in romanlar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan a\u011falar, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, toprak m\u00fccadeleleri ve adaletsizlikler, bu co\u011frafyan\u0131n toplumsal tarihinden beslenmi\u015fti. Orhan Kemal ise \u00f6zellikle i\u015f\u00e7iler, fabrikalar ve yoksul insanlar\u0131n hayat\u0131 \u00fczerinden Adana’n\u0131n ba\u015fka bir y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc edebiyata ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Adana’y\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131rken bu iki b\u00fcy\u00fck romanc\u0131n\u0131n anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyay\u0131 hat\u0131rlamamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir tarafta pamuk tarlalar\u0131yla zenginle\u015fen bir \u015fehir, di\u011fer tarafta bu zenginli\u011fin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda eme\u011fi bulunan insanlar\u0131n zorlu hayatlar\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Belki de \u00c7ukurova’y\u0131 T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu kadar \u00f6nemli k\u0131lan \u015fey, sahip oldu\u011fu zenginlik kadar i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sosyal \u00e7eli\u015fkilerdi.<\/p>\n

Fakat Adana’n\u0131n ekonomik ge\u00e7mi\u015fiyle bug\u00fcnk\u00fc konumu aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k bulundu\u011fu da dikkatimi \u00e7ekiyordu.<\/p>\n

Adana, bir d\u00f6nem T\u00fcrkiye’nin n\u00fcfus bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck iliydi. Bug\u00fcn ise bu s\u0131ralamadaki yerini kaybetmi\u015f durumda. Bu mesele gezimiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda zihnimi me\u015fgul etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar T\u00fcrkiye’nin en \u00f6nemli pamuk \u00fcretim ve sanayi merkezlerinden biri olan, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc i\u015f insanlar\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck fabrikalar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan Adana, neden eski ekonomik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131?<\/p>\n

Bu soruyu uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r Adana’da ya\u015fayan bir arkada\u015f\u0131ma sordum.<\/p>\n

Arkada\u015f\u0131m, \u015fehrin ekonomik bak\u0131mdan eski g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmesinin \u00f6nemli sebeplerinden birinin, Adana’daki b\u00fcy\u00fck sermaye sahiplerinin ve i\u015f insanlar\u0131n\u0131n zamanla yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka \u015fehirlere y\u00f6nlendirmeleri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Peki, i\u015f insanlar\u0131 neden Adana’dan ayr\u0131l\u0131yorlard\u0131?<\/p>\n

Bu soruma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, \u00f6zellikle yerel y\u00f6netimlerin yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara yeterli deste\u011fi vermedi\u011fini, \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlarda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler sebebiyle sanayicilerin kendilerine daha uygun imk\u00e2nlar sa\u011flayan b\u00f6lgelere y\u00f6neldiklerini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

Bu de\u011ferlendirme \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

Elbette bir \u015fehrin ekonomik gerilemesini yaln\u0131zca belediyelerin veya yerel y\u00f6neticilerin tutumlar\u0131na ba\u011flamak do\u011fru olmaz. \u00dclkenin genel ekonomi politikalar\u0131, yat\u0131r\u0131m te\u015fvikleri, sanayinin de\u011fi\u015fen yap\u0131s\u0131, ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 piyasalardaki geli\u015fmeler, ula\u015f\u0131m imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 ve \u00fcretim maliyetleri de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131n s\u00f6ylediklerinde kapitalist ekonominin i\u015fleyi\u015fine ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemli bir ger\u00e7ek vard\u0131. Sermaye, kendisine g\u00fcvenli ve kazan\u00e7l\u0131 imk\u00e2nlar sunan yerlere y\u00f6nelir. Yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fini g\u00fcven i\u00e7erisinde g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi, \u00fcretim ve ticaret imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde sermayenin ba\u015fka alanlara kaymas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle para, g\u00fcvenli limanlar\u0131 tercih eder. Kendisi i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli liman olarak g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi yerlerden uzakla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n ekonomik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011ferlendirirken bu hususun da dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle 1980’lerden itibaren T\u00fcrkiye’nin sanayi haritas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Gaziantep, Denizli, Kayseri, Konya ve ba\u015fka \u015fehirler yeni sanayi merkezleri olarak geli\u015firken Adana’n\u0131n pamuk ve tekstile dayal\u0131 geleneksel ekonomik yap\u0131s\u0131 eski a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Ancak burada n\u00fcfusla ilgili bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131ya dikkat etmek gerekir. Adana’n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’nin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck ili olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, n\u00fcfusunun s\u00fcrekli azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1 milyon 934 bin n\u00fcfusuyla d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada bulunan Adana, 2025 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 milyon 284 bin n\u00fcfusuyla yedinci s\u0131raya gerilemi\u015fti. \u00dcstelik 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osmaniye’nin Adana’dan ayr\u0131larak il olmas\u0131 da n\u00fcfus kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 etkilemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Adana’n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesinden ziyade, di\u011fer \u015fehirlerin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve Adana’n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki g\u00f6reli \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmesinden s\u00f6z etmek daha do\u011fru olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte \u015fehrin ekonomik hayat\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fim, \u00fczerinde ayr\u0131ca durulmas\u0131 gereken bir konudur.<\/p>\n

Adana’da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz insanlarla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sohbetlerde \u015fehrin ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki e\u011flence hayat\u0131 da s\u0131k s\u0131k g\u00fcndeme geldi. \u00d6zellikle gazinolar, pavyonlar ve gece e\u011flenceleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Adana’n\u0131n bir zamanlar b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemli merkezlerinden biri oldu\u011fu anlat\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 Adanal\u0131lar, pamuk \u00fcretimi ve geni\u015f topraklardan elde ettikleri gelirlerle zenginle\u015fen a\u011falar\u0131n, bu e\u011flence mek\u00e2nlar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar harcad\u0131klar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ettiler. Hatta kimilerinin servetlerini buralarda t\u00fcketti\u011fi, tarlalar\u0131n\u0131 satarak e\u011flence hayat\u0131na devam etti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde hik\u00e2yeler anlatt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bu anlat\u0131lar bana olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7 geldi.<\/p>\n

Elbette duydu\u011fumuz bu hik\u00e2yelerin ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek olaylara dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n zaman i\u00e7erisinde abart\u0131larak \u015fehir efsanesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bilmiyorum. Ancak bunlar, bir d\u00f6nem Adana’da ya\u015fanan zenginli\u011fin insanlar\u0131n hayat tarzlar\u0131na nas\u0131l yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda fikir veriyordu.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck servetlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplumlarda g\u00f6steri\u015fli t\u00fcketim, e\u011flence al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 ve zenginli\u011fin sosyal stat\u00fc arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 tarih boyunca g\u00f6r\u00fclen olgulard\u0131r. \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahipleri hakk\u0131nda anlat\u0131lanlar da b\u00f6yle bir toplumsal ortam\u0131n hat\u0131ralar\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/p>\n

Fakat Adana’n\u0131n e\u011flence hayat\u0131 yaln\u0131zca gazinolar ve pavyonlardan ibaret de\u011fildi. \u015eehir, T\u00fcrkiye’nin sinema ve g\u00f6steri sanatlar\u0131 tarihinde de \u00f6nemli bir yere sahipti.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle XX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda Adana’n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’nin ba\u015fl\u0131ca sinema merkezlerinden biri h\u00e2line geldi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmek dikkatimi \u00e7ekti. 1960-1975 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u015fehirde yakla\u015f\u0131k 110 a\u00e7\u0131k hava ve kapal\u0131 salon sinemas\u0131n\u0131n faaliyet g\u00f6stermesi, Adana’daki sinema k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ne kadar geli\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00dcstelik bu sinemalar yaln\u0131zca \u015fehir halk\u0131na hizmet veren e\u011flence mek\u00e2nlar\u0131 de\u011fildi. Adana, \u00e7evre illeri de kapsayan \u00f6nemli bir film da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m ve i\u015fletmecilik merkezine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. B\u00f6lgedeki sinemac\u0131lar\u0131n ve film i\u015fletmecilerinin talepleri, Ye\u015fil\u00e7am’\u0131n film \u00fcretiminde bile etkili olabiliyordu.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece Adana, \u0130stanbul merkezli T\u00fcrk sinemas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli ticari dayanaklar\u0131ndan biri h\u00e2line gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bu durum beni ayr\u0131ca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ekonomik hayat\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sanat faaliyetlerini de besledi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Pamuk \u00fcretimi ve sanayiden elde edilen gelirler, \u015fehirde yaln\u0131zca yeni fabrikalar\u0131n veya ticarethanelerin kurulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7mam\u0131\u015f; sinemalar, tiyatrolar, gazinolar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli e\u011flence mek\u00e2nlar\u0131 etraf\u0131nda geli\u015fen canl\u0131 bir sosyal hayat\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na da katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Adana’da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz baz\u0131 ki\u015filer, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bir\u00e7ok me\u015fhur sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ve \u015fark\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n burada tan\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra \u0130stanbul ve \u0130zmir gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlere gitti\u011fini de anlatt\u0131lar. Bu anlat\u0131lar tek tek ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya muhta\u00e7 olmakla birlikte Adana’n\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel k\u00fclt\u00fcr hayat\u0131ndaki etkisini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan anlaml\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar \u00e7evredeki \u015fehirlerden insanlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca ticaret yapmak i\u00e7in de\u011fil, sinemaya gitmek, sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 dinlemek ve e\u011flenmek amac\u0131yla da Adana’ya geldikleri anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bu tablo, Adana’n\u0131n eski ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn birbirini tamamlayan iki y\u00f6n\u00fcyd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u015eehirler yaln\u0131zca \u00fcrettikleri mallarla zenginle\u015fmezler. \u00dcretimden do\u011fan refah, sosyal hayat\u0131 da canland\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n t\u00fcketim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fir, yeni e\u011flence ve sanat mek\u00e2nlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7evreleri olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

Fakat ekonomik \u015fartlar de\u011fi\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayat da zamanla d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Fabrikalar\u0131n kapanmas\u0131 veya ba\u015fka \u015fehirlere ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, ticaretin y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi ve sermayenin farkl\u0131 merkezlere kaymas\u0131 yaln\u0131zca ekonomik g\u00f6stergeleri etkilemez; \u015fehrin sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ili\u015fkilerini de de\u011fi\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n yak\u0131n tarihinde ya\u015fananlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirirken bu ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek gerekti\u011fine inan\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bu bilgiler ve sohbetlerden sonra Adana’n\u0131n sokaklar\u0131 benim i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 anlamlar kazanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Tarih\u00ee \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131rken art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca d\u00fckk\u00e2nlara ve tezg\u00e2hlara bakm\u0131yordum. Bu \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte nas\u0131l bir ticari hayat\u0131n merkezinde bulundu\u011funu, pamuk ticaretinden do\u011fan zenginli\u011fin \u015fehri nas\u0131l \u015fekillendirdi\u011fini, sanayicilerin ve toprak sahiplerinin Adana’n\u0131n toplumsal hayat\u0131ndaki yerini de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordum.<\/p>\n

Bir taraftan da al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapan insanlara, esnaf\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck ili\u015fkilerine ve \u015fehrin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131yordum. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki ekonomik \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle koruyamam\u0131\u015f olsa da Adana h\u00e2l\u00e2 b\u00fcy\u00fck, hareketli ve \u00f6nemli bir \u015fehirdi.<\/p>\n

\u00dcstelik tarih\u00ee miras\u0131, do\u011fal g\u00fczellikleri ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel birikimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok \u015fehrin sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 imk\u00e2nlara sahipti.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle Adana’y\u0131 yaln\u0131zca ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki kay\u0131plar\u0131 \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirmek haks\u0131zl\u0131k olurdu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n bereketli topraklar\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 yerindeydi. Seyhan Nehri yine \u015fehrin i\u00e7inden ak\u0131yordu. Tarih\u00ee Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc, as\u0131rlard\u0131r yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi nehrin iki yakas\u0131n\u0131 birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131yordu. Ulu Cami, Ramazano\u011flu Kona\u011f\u0131 ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Saat, \u015fehrin ge\u00e7mi\u015fini bug\u00fcne ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Ziya Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n hat\u0131ras\u0131, Adana’n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr tarihindeki yerini hat\u0131rlat\u0131yordu. Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii ise b\u00fct\u00fcn ihti\u015fam\u0131yla \u015fehir siluetine yeni bir de\u011fer kat\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bunlara Adana’n\u0131n mutfak k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, eski \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, pazarlar\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131n canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da eklemek gerekir.<\/p>\n

Gezimiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda yedi\u011fimiz kebap, i\u00e7ti\u011fimiz \u015falgam ve \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131larda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f, bu \u015fehirle kurdu\u011fumuz ili\u015fkinin bir ba\u015fka y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ziyaret etti\u011fimiz bir \u015fehri yaln\u0131zca tarih\u00ee ve mimari eserleriyle de\u011fil, g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131na kat\u0131larak da tan\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Benim i\u00e7in seyahat, yaln\u0131zca yeni yerler g\u00f6rmek de\u011fildir. G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm yerlerin ge\u00e7mi\u015fini, orada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f insanlar\u0131, meydana gelen ekonomik ve toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak da seyahatin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Adana gezimiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda da bunu bir kez daha ya\u015fad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Ulu Cami’de Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131 \u00f6ncesi \u00c7ukurova tarihini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. Ramazano\u011flu Kona\u011f\u0131’nda b\u00f6lgeden ge\u00e7en h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 ve siyas\u00ee m\u00fccadeleleri hat\u0131rlad\u0131m. B\u00fcy\u00fck Saat’in kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 modernle\u015fmesinin \u015fehir hayat\u0131na yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. Ziya Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n kabri bana Tanzimat ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n fikir m\u00fccadelelerini hat\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Eski \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131larda dola\u015f\u0131rken \u015fehrin ticaret hayat\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemledim. Kebap ve \u015falgamla Adana’n\u0131n mutfak k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131d\u0131m. Pamuk tarlalar\u0131n\u0131n ve fabrikalar\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck zenginliklerini ve sosyal e\u015fitsizliklerini hat\u0131rlad\u0131m. Adanal\u0131larla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sohbetlerde a\u011falar\u0131n, gazinolar\u0131n, pavyonlar\u0131n ve sinemalar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu farkl\u0131 bir \u015fehir hayat\u0131n\u0131n izlerini buldum.<\/p>\n

Fakat b\u00fct\u00fcn bu gezinin haf\u0131zamda en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde yer eden g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, yine Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’n\u00fcn \u00fczerinde dururken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m Seyhan manzaras\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

O anda \u00f6n\u00fcmde yaln\u0131zca akan bir nehir yoktu. Bir tarafta Roma d\u00f6neminden kalma k\u00f6pr\u00fc, di\u011fer tarafta Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii, nehrin k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda uzanan a\u011fa\u00e7lar, parklar ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren insanlar vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tarih ile tabiat, eski ile yeni, ge\u00e7mi\u015f ile bug\u00fcn ayn\u0131 manzara i\u00e7erisinde birle\u015fmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fczelli\u011fi sanki bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcde toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Orada dururken \u015funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm: Bir \u015fehrin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yaln\u0131zca n\u00fcfusuyla, fabrika say\u0131s\u0131yla veya ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcyle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemez. Onun tarih boyunca yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi insanlar, \u00fcretti\u011fi k\u00fclt\u00fcr, b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserler ve toplumun haf\u0131zas\u0131nda ya\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131ralar da ger\u00e7ek zenginli\u011finin par\u00e7alar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Adana belki T\u00fcrkiye \u015fehirleri aras\u0131ndaki eski n\u00fcfus s\u0131ralamas\u0131n\u0131 ve ekonomik \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015fti. Fakat kendisini Adana yapan tarih\u00ee, co\u011frafi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zelliklerini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde korumaya devam ediyordu.<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n pamuk tarlalar\u0131nda olu\u015fan servetler, bug\u00fcn farkl\u0131 ekonomik faaliyetlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f; baz\u0131 fabrikalar kapanm\u0131\u015f, baz\u0131 sermaye \u00e7evreleri ba\u015fka \u015fehirlere y\u00f6nelmi\u015f, eski gazinolar\u0131n ve sinema salonlar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama Seyhan yine ak\u0131yordu. Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc yine ayaktayd\u0131. \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131lar yine insanlarla doluydu.<\/p>\n

\u015eehirler de insanlar gibidir. Zaman i\u00e7erisinde de\u011fi\u015fir, baz\u0131 imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder, yeni imk\u00e2nlar kazan\u0131r ve farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerden ge\u00e7erler. \u00d6nemli olan, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu de\u011fi\u015fimlerin i\u00e7erisinde kendi kimliklerini koruyabilmeleridir.<\/p>\n

Adana’y\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131rken g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm \u015fey biraz da buydu.<\/p>\n

Bu \u015fehir, bir taraftan ge\u00e7mi\u015fin hat\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131rken di\u011fer taraftan bug\u00fcn\u00fcn hayat\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015famaya devam ediyordu. Tarih\u00ee eserleriyle eskiyi, modern yap\u0131lar\u0131yla yeniyi, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 ve mutfa\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131, Seyhan Nehri ve ye\u015fil alanlar\u0131yla tabiat\u0131n g\u00fczelli\u011fini bir araya getiriyordu.<\/p>\n

Adana’dan geriye haf\u0131zamda yaln\u0131zca tarih\u00ee yap\u0131lar, g\u00fczel bir nehir manzaras\u0131 veya yedi\u011fimiz kebab\u0131n tad\u0131 kalmad\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n hepsinin arkas\u0131nda, tarih boyunca b\u00fcy\u00fck zenginlikler \u00fcretmi\u015f, \u00f6nemli toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fimler ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, edebiyata ve sinemaya ilham vermi\u015f bir \u015fehrin hik\u00e2yesi kald\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu geziden sonra Adana benim g\u00f6z\u00fcmde art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n pamuk, kebap ve sanayi \u015fehri de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

O, tarih\u00ee miras\u0131yla, insanlar\u0131yla, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcyle, zenginlikleri ve \u00e7eli\u015fkileriyle \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi gereken bir medeniyet merkeziydi.<\/p>\n

Ve san\u0131r\u0131m bir seyahatin insana kazand\u0131rabilece\u011fi en \u00f6nemli \u015feylerden biri de budur: Daha \u00f6nce bildi\u011finizi sand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir \u015fehri yeniden ke\u015ffetmek ve oradan ayr\u0131l\u0131rken art\u0131k ona eskisi gibi bakamamak.<\/p>\n

ADANA: SEYHAN\u2019IN KIYISINDA TAR\u0130H, ROMAN VE KAYBOLAN ZENG\u0130NL\u0130KLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ukurova’da bir \u015fehrin haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n pe\u015finde<\/em><\/p>\n

Adana gezimiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u015fehrin sokaklar\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131rken zihnimde birbirinden farkl\u0131 tarih\u00ee d\u00f6nemler, okudu\u011fum kitaplar ve roman kahramanlar\u0131 canlanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yaln\u0131zca Adana’n\u0131n tarih\u00ee yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve do\u011fal g\u00fczelliklerini g\u00f6rmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken gezimiz giderek \u015fehrin ekonomik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve toplumsal ge\u00e7mi\u015fini anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir yolculu\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Adana denildi\u011finde akl\u0131ma gelen ilk \u015feyler \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n bereketli topraklar\u0131, pamuk tarlalar\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7iftlikler, toprak a\u011falar\u0131 ve elbette Ya\u015far Kemal’in romanlar\u0131yd\u0131. Ancak \u015fehre geldi\u011fimde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m tarih\u00ee eserler, Seyhan Nehri’nin g\u00fczelli\u011fi, eski \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar ve insanlar\u0131n g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131, Adana’n\u0131n bu bildiklerimden \u00e7ok daha geni\u015f bir tarih\u00ee birikime sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

\u015eehrin tarih\u00ee merkezinde dola\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Ulu Cami, Ramazano\u011flu Kona\u011f\u0131 ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Saat’in bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lge \u00f6zellikle dikkatimi \u00e7ekti. Birbirine olduk\u00e7a yak\u0131n bu yap\u0131lar, Adana’n\u0131n birka\u00e7 as\u0131rl\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fini ayn\u0131 mek\u00e2nda bir araya getiriyordu.<\/p>\n

Ulu Cami’nin mimarisinde Meml\u00fck ve Osmanl\u0131 sanat\u0131n\u0131n etkilerini g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc. Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde in\u015fa edilen bu cami, \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetine ge\u00e7i\u015finden \u00f6nceki siyas\u00ee ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7evresini de hat\u0131rlat\u0131yordu. Yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Ramazano\u011flu Kona\u011f\u0131 ise b\u00f6lgenin bir zamanlar yaln\u0131zca tar\u0131m ve ticaret a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, siyas\u00ee bak\u0131mdan da \u00f6nemli bir merkez oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ukurova, tarih boyunca Anadolu ile Suriye aras\u0131nda uzanan yollar\u0131n \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok devletin ilgisini \u00e7ekmi\u015fti. Meml\u00fckler, Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131lar burada birbirini izleyen siyas\u00ee d\u00f6nemlerin temsilcileriydi. Bug\u00fcn bu tarih\u00ee yap\u0131lar\u0131n aras\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131rken ge\u00e7mi\u015fin farkl\u0131 katmanlar\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Bu sokaklarda y\u00fcr\u00fcrken y\u0131llar \u00f6nce okudu\u011fum bir kitaptaki bilgi de akl\u0131ma geldi.<\/p>\n

Kitapta, Adana ve \u00c7ukurova’da ya\u015fayan baz\u0131 Arap topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n End\u00fcl\u00fcs’ten geldiklerine ili\u015fkin bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Buna g\u00f6re End\u00fcl\u00fcs’\u00fcn Hristiyan h\u00e2kimiyetine ge\u00e7mesinden sonra Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131, tar\u0131mdaki tecr\u00fcbelerinden yararlan\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla \u00c7ukurova’ya yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015fti. Bu topluluklar\u0131n zamanla b\u00f6lgenin yerli halk\u0131yla kayna\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ve tar\u0131mla u\u011fra\u015fmalar\u0131 sebebiyle kendilerine fell\u00e2h<\/em> denildi\u011fi anlat\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Arap\u00e7ada \u00e7ift\u00e7i anlam\u0131na gelen fell\u00e2h kelimesi, bug\u00fcn de \u00c7ukurova’daki baz\u0131 Arap topluluklar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak okudu\u011fum kitapta anlat\u0131lan bu g\u00f6\u00e7 hik\u00e2yesinin tarih\u00ee kaynaklarla ayr\u0131ca kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc End\u00fcl\u00fcs’\u00fcn son M\u00fcsl\u00fcman devleti olan Ben\u00ee Ahmerler 1492 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda II. Bayezid Osmanl\u0131 taht\u0131ndayd\u0131. Ayn\u0131 tarihlerde \u00c7ukurova ise hen\u00fcz do\u011frudan Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetinde de\u011fildi; Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131 \u00fczerinden Meml\u00fck n\u00fcfuzu alt\u0131nda bulunuyordu. B\u00f6lgenin Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetine girmesi 1516 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla II. Bayezid’in End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fcleri do\u011frudan \u00c7ukurova’ya yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fi iddias\u0131, kronolojik ve siyas\u00ee \u015fartlar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ca belgelenmeye muhta\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dcstelik \u00c7ukurova’daki Arap Alevi topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n tarih\u00ee k\u00f6kenlerini ele alan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar daha \u00e7ok Suriye ve L\u00fcbnan ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131na, \u00f6zellikle XVIII ve XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131llardaki n\u00fcfus hareketlerine i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte bu mesele zihnimde yeni bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma konusu olarak yer etti. End\u00fcl\u00fcs’ten Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na M\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6\u00e7leri ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilindi\u011fine g\u00f6re, bu g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin Anadolu ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz’deki yerle\u015fimlerini ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde incelemek gerekir.<\/p>\n

End\u00fcl\u00fcs’\u00fcn kayb\u0131ndan sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan n\u00fcfus hareketlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken Yahudilerin Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7leri de akl\u0131ma geldi. \u00d6zellikle 1492 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130spanya’dan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Sefarad Yahudilerinin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0130stanbul, Edirne, \u0130zmir ve Selanik gibi \u015fehirlere yerle\u015fmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin i\u00e7erisinde t\u00fcccarlar, zanaatk\u00e2rlar, matbaac\u0131lar ve dokumac\u0131lar bulunuyordu. Selanik’e yerle\u015fen Yahudiler, \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcnl\u00fc dokumac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u015eehir, zamanla Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin \u00f6nemli \u00e7uha \u00fcretim merkezlerinden biri h\u00e2line gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece End\u00fcl\u00fcs’\u00fcn y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 izleyen g\u00f6\u00e7lerin yaln\u0131zca din\u00ee ve siyas\u00ee sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin yerle\u015ftikleri \u015fehirlerin ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayat\u0131n\u0131 da etkiledi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

Adana sokaklar\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131rken zihnimin End\u00fcl\u00fcs’e kadar uzanmas\u0131 belki ilk bak\u0131\u015fta garip g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Fakat tarih\u00ee \u015fehirlerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biri budur. Bazen bir sokak, bir kelime veya ge\u00e7mi\u015fte okudu\u011funuz bir bilgi, sizi bulundu\u011funuz yerden y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine ve binlerce kilometre uza\u011fa g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n tarih\u00ee sokaklar\u0131nda benim ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m da biraz buydu.<\/p>\n

Ulu Cami \u00e7evresinden ilerlerken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir ba\u015fka s\u00fcrpriz ise Ziya Pa\u015fa oldu. Tanzimat edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli temsilcilerinden olan bu \u015fair ve devlet adam\u0131n\u0131n Adana’da vefat etti\u011fini ve mezar\u0131n\u0131n burada bulundu\u011funu biliyor olsam bile, onun hat\u0131ras\u0131yla \u015fehrin tarih\u00ee merkezinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmak benim i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ziya Pa\u015fa, 1878 y\u0131l\u0131nda Adana valili\u011fine tayin edilmi\u015f ve 1880 y\u0131l\u0131nda burada vefat etmi\u015fti. Valili\u011fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda e\u011fitim, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve imar faaliyetleriyle ilgilenmi\u015f, \u015fehirde tiyatro faaliyetlerinin geli\u015fmesine \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n tarih\u00ee sokaklar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrken onun \u015fiirlerini de hat\u0131rlad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\u00c2y\u00eenesi i\u015ftir ki\u015finin l\u00e2fa bak\u0131lmaz,<\/em>
\n\u015eahs\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr r\u00fctbe-i akl\u0131 eserinde.<\/em><\/p>\n

Bu beyit \u00fczerinde biraz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n, devlet adamlar\u0131n\u0131n ve hatta \u015fehirlerin ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferlerini ortaya koyduklar\u0131 eserler \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ziya Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n Adana’da e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr hayat\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131lar, onun yaln\u0131zca \u015fair kimli\u011fiyle de\u011fil, devlet adaml\u0131\u011f\u0131yla da hat\u0131rlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Saat’i g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde ise XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l Osmanl\u0131 modernle\u015fmesinin \u015fehir hayat\u0131na yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. Geleneksel \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar ve k\u00fclliyelerle birlikte y\u00fckselen saat kulesi, eski Osmanl\u0131 \u015fehirlerinin yeni bir zaman ve y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n mimari i\u015faretlerinden biriydi.<\/p>\n

Tarih\u00ee eserleri dola\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra eski \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lara ve pazarlara y\u00f6neldik. D\u00fckk\u00e2nlar aras\u0131nda gezdik, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapt\u0131k, sat\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnlere ve insanlar\u0131n g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131na bakt\u0131k. \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, esnaf\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterilerle ili\u015fkileri ve geleneksel ticaret ortam\u0131, \u015fehrin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften gelen al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 korudu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n me\u015fhur kebab\u0131n\u0131 yemeden ve \u015falgam\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7meden d\u00f6nmek de olmazd\u0131. Biz de gezimiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda kebab\u0131n\u0131 yedik, \u015falgam\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7tik. B\u00f6ylece Adana’y\u0131 yaln\u0131zca tarih\u00ee yap\u0131lar\u0131yla de\u011fil, mutfa\u011f\u0131yla da tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f olduk.<\/p>\n

Bence bir \u015fehrin mutfa\u011f\u0131, onun toplumsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel tarihinden ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Yemekler, ku\u015faklar boyunca olu\u015fan \u00fcretim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n, co\u011frafyan\u0131n sundu\u011fu imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n ve farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin etkile\u015fiminin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Adana mutfa\u011f\u0131nda da Anadolu, Suriye ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n\u0131n ortak lezzetlerini g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ar\u015f\u0131da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fler, yedi\u011fimiz kebap ve i\u00e7ti\u011fimiz \u015falgam, Adana’n\u0131n ya\u015fayan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Fakat \u015fehri dola\u015f\u0131rken zihnimde s\u00fcrekli dola\u015fan bir ba\u015fka isim daha vard\u0131: Ya\u015far Kemal.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n geni\u015f ovalar\u0131, pamuk tarlalar\u0131, a\u011falar ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcler denildi\u011finde onun \u0130nce Memed<\/em> roman\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015far Kemal, \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca do\u011fal g\u00fczelliklerini anlatmam\u0131\u015f; bu co\u011frafyada ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n m\u00fccadelelerini, toprak sahipleriyle k\u00f6yl\u00fcler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri, yoksullu\u011fu, adaletsizli\u011fi ve e\u015fk\u0131yal\u0131k olgusunu da romanlar\u0131n\u0131n merkezine yerle\u015ftirmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u0130nce Memed<\/em>, benim i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca bir e\u015fk\u0131ya roman\u0131 de\u011fildir. O, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7ukurova’daki toprak d\u00fczeninin, a\u011fal\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinin ve bu ili\u015fkiler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n edeb\u00ee anlat\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Adana’y\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131rken romandaki dikenler de zihnimde canland\u0131. Ya\u015far Kemal’in tasvir etti\u011fi o dikenli bitkiler, kurak topraklar, sarp da\u011flar ve insanlar\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 sert tabiat \u015fartlar\u0131, roman\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan \u00f6nemli unsurlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

O dikenler yaln\u0131zca tabiat\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 de\u011fildi sanki. \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n sert hayat\u0131n\u0131, insanlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 ve m\u00fccadeleyi de hat\u0131rlat\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015far Kemal’in romanlar\u0131n\u0131 okuyanlar bilirler: Onun eserlerinde tabiat, olaylar\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi basit bir arka plan de\u011fildir. Da\u011flar, ovalar, otlar, dikenler, ku\u015flar ve a\u011fa\u00e7lar da roman\u0131n ya\u015fayan unsurlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle Adana ve \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n tabiat\u0131na bakarken \u0130nce Memed<\/em>‘in sayfalar\u0131 kendili\u011finden zihnimde canland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir tarafta Ya\u015far Kemal’in k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri ve a\u011falar\u0131, di\u011fer tarafta Orhan Kemal’in i\u015f\u00e7ileri, fabrikalar\u0131 ve yoksul insanlar\u0131 vard\u0131. \u0130ki b\u00fcy\u00fck romanc\u0131, ayn\u0131 co\u011frafyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 toplumsal y\u00fczlerini edebiyata ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerle dola\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Adana, art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz binalardan ve sokaklardan ibaret de\u011fildi. Roman kahramanlar\u0131n\u0131n, tarih\u00ee \u015fahsiyetlerin ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f toplumsal m\u00fccadelelerin de bulundu\u011fu geni\u015f bir haf\u0131za alan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u015eehrin tarih\u00ee merkezinden sonra Seyhan Nehri \u00fczerindeki Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’ye geldik.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinde durarak bir s\u00fcre \u00e7evreyi seyrettim. Nehir, a\u011fa\u00e7lar, parklar ve kar\u015f\u0131daki Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii ger\u00e7ekten muhte\u015fem bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n

Bir tarafta Roma d\u00f6neminden kalma Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc, di\u011fer tarafta klasik Osmanl\u0131 mimarisinden esinlenilerek yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii vard\u0131. Nehrin iki yakas\u0131nda uzanan ye\u015fil alanlar ve parklar, bu iki yap\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tarih\u00ee ve mimari manzaray\u0131 tamaml\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanlar bo\u015f zamanlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in nehir k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki parklara gelmi\u015flerdi. Gen\u00e7ler k\u00f6pr\u00fc \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek foto\u011fraf \u00e7ektiriyor, baz\u0131 insanlar ise a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n alt\u0131nda dinleniyordu.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc Adana’y\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcmde daha da g\u00fczelle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

\u015eehri dola\u015f\u0131rken Seyhan Nehri’nden beslenen kanallar\u0131n da Adana’n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerinden ge\u00e7ti\u011fini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm. Sanki nehir, bu kanallarla \u015fehrin damarlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyordu. Tar\u0131msal sulama amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan bu suyollar\u0131, \u00e7evrelerindeki a\u011fa\u00e7lar ve ye\u015filliklerle birlikte \u015fehrin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne ayr\u0131 bir g\u00fczellik kat\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Seyhan’\u0131n \u00c7ukurova’ya hayat veren sular\u0131, Adana’n\u0131n tarih boyunca kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcn de temel kaynaklar\u0131ndan biriydi.<\/p>\n

Nitekim Adana, T\u00fcrkiye’nin en \u00f6nemli pamuk \u00fcretim merkezlerinden biri olmu\u015f; pamuk ticaretinden elde edilen sermaye, zamanla g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Adana’da yeti\u015fen b\u00fcy\u00fck sermaye sahipleri ve sanayici aileler aras\u0131nda Sabanc\u0131 ailesinin ayr\u0131 bir yeri vard\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’n\u00fcn \u00fczerinde durup kar\u015f\u0131daki Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii’ne bakarken bu ailenin hik\u00e2yesi de akl\u0131ma geldi.<\/p>\n

Sabanc\u0131 ailesi asl\u0131nda Kayseri k\u00f6kenliydi. Ailenin ekonomik y\u00fckseli\u015finin temellerini atan Hac\u0131 \u00d6mer Sabanc\u0131, Kayseri’nin Ak\u00e7akaya k\u00f6y\u00fcnden Adana’ya gelmi\u015f, burada pamuk i\u015f\u00e7isi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Daha sonra pamuk ticaretine y\u00f6nelmi\u015f, kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 paray\u0131 yeni i\u015flere yat\u0131rarak zamanla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sermaye olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta s\u0131radan bir g\u00f6\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hik\u00e2yesi gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bu olay, asl\u0131nda Adana’n\u0131n ekonomik tarihini anlamak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Hac\u0131 \u00d6mer Sabanc\u0131’n\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan \u015fartlar, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n tar\u0131msal \u00fcretiminden ve Adana’da geli\u015fen ticaret ortam\u0131ndan do\u011fmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Pamuk i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011finden ticarete, ticaretten sanayiye uzanan bu yolculuk, ayn\u0131 zamanda Adana’n\u0131n XX. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki ekonomik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn de bir \u00f6rne\u011fiydi.<\/p>\n

Zamanla Sabanc\u0131 ailesi yaln\u0131zca pamuk ticaretiyle yetinmemi\u015f; dokuma, tekstil, g\u0131da, bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve \u00e7e\u015fitli sanayi alanlar\u0131nda yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bossa, Marsa ve Akbank gibi kurulu\u015flar bu geli\u015fmenin \u00f6nemli \u00f6rnekleriydi.<\/p>\n

Ancak ailenin ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fc artt\u0131k\u00e7a faaliyet alanlar\u0131 da geni\u015flemi\u015f, Adana’da do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bu b\u00fcy\u00fck sermaye toplulu\u011funun y\u00f6netim merkezi zamanla \u0130stanbul’a y\u00f6nelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Nitekim 1967 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan Hac\u0131 \u00d6mer Sabanc\u0131 Holding’in genel merkezi 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul’a ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu durum Adana’n\u0131n ekonomik tarihi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi gereken bir geli\u015fmeydi.<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar T\u00fcrkiye’nin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck ili olan, pamuk \u00fcretimi, tekstil ve sanayi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131yla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan Adana, zamanla T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisindeki g\u00f6reli \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Sabanc\u0131 ailesinin \u0130stanbul’a y\u00f6nelmesi, bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn sembolik \u00f6rneklerinden biri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

Elbette b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sanayi toplulu\u011funun y\u00f6netim merkezini \u0130stanbul’a ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131zca Adana’daki yat\u0131r\u0131m \u015fartlar\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klamak do\u011fru olmaz. \u0130stanbul, T\u00fcrkiye’nin finans, ticaret ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc merkezidir. B\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u015firketlerin banka, d\u0131\u015f ticaret ve y\u00f6netim faaliyetlerini burada toplamak istemeleri ekonomik bak\u0131mdan anla\u015f\u0131labilir bir tercihtir.<\/p>\n

Ancak meseleye Adana a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ba\u015fka bir soruyla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yoruz:<\/p>\n

Bir \u015fehir, kendi topraklar\u0131nda yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck sermaye \u00e7evrelerini neden s\u00fcrekli olarak b\u00fcnyesinde tutam\u0131yor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Adana’da uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015fayan arkada\u015f\u0131mla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sohbet s\u0131ras\u0131nda da bu konu \u00fczerinde durmu\u015ftuk.<\/p>\n

Arkada\u015f\u0131m, b\u00f6lgedeki i\u015f insanlar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n zamanla yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka \u015fehirlere ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunda yerel y\u00f6netimlerin yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara yeterli deste\u011fi vermemesinin de etkili oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bu de\u011ferlendirmeyi \u00f6nemsiyorum. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ekonomik geli\u015fme yaln\u0131zca sermaye sahiplerinin bireysel ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Yerel y\u00f6netimlerin, kamu kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ve ekonomik kurulu\u015flar\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131larla kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkiler de \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Sanayiciye uygun altyap\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131, yat\u0131r\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, ula\u015f\u0131m ve lojistik imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi, nitelikli i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc yeti\u015ftirilmesi ve uzun vadeli \u015fehir politikalar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, sermayenin bulundu\u011fu yerde kalmas\u0131n\u0131 ve yeni yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yapmas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik edebilir.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n kendi i\u00e7inden yeti\u015fen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sanayicilerle kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkiler bu bak\u0131mdan ayr\u0131ca incelenmeye de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n

Benim gezimiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda edindi\u011fim izlenim, Adana’n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki \u00fcretim g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc koruyabilmek ve geli\u015ftirebilmek i\u00e7in daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ekonomik vizyona ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fuydu. Yerel y\u00f6netimlerin bu konuda neler yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve hangi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde incelemek gerekir. Ancak \u015fehrin ekonomik potansiyelinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirebildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek de g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Kapitalist ekonominin temel ger\u00e7eklerinden biri, sermayenin kendisi i\u00e7in uygun, g\u00fcvenli ve k\u00e2rl\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerlere y\u00f6nelmesidir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle para, g\u00fcvenli liman arar.<\/p>\n

Bir \u015fehir ekonomik imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftiremez, sermayesine yeni yat\u0131r\u0131m alanlar\u0131 sunamaz ve \u00fcretim g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc koruyamazsa zamanla ba\u015fka merkezlerin gerisinde kalabilir.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc de\u011ferlendirirken bu hususu da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken kar\u015f\u0131mdaki Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii ba\u015fka bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi de hat\u0131rlat\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Sabanc\u0131 ailesi, y\u00f6netim merkezini \u0130stanbul’a ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015f olmakla birlikte Adana ile b\u00fct\u00fcn ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 koparmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda ibadete a\u00e7\u0131lan Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii bunun en g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00f6rneklerinden biriydi. Yap\u0131m\u0131na T\u00fcrkiye Diyanet Vakf\u0131’n\u0131n giri\u015fimleri ve halk\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla ba\u015flanan caminin tamamlanmas\u0131nda Hac\u0131 Sabanc\u0131’n\u0131n ve onun vefat\u0131ndan sonra ailesinin \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle cami yaln\u0131zca b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ibadet mek\u00e2n\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir sanayici ailesinin ekonomik bak\u0131mdan y\u00fckseldi\u011fi \u015fehre duydu\u011fu ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n da sembollerinden biri h\u00e2line gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Sabanc\u0131 ailesinin Adana’daki e\u011fitim, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sosyal yard\u0131m faaliyetlerini de hat\u0131rlamak gerekir. Hac\u0131 \u00d6mer Sabanc\u0131 Vakf\u0131’n\u0131n 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda Adana’da kurulmu\u015f olmas\u0131 ve \u015fehirde \u00e7e\u015fitli e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr kurumlar\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunulmas\u0131, bu ili\u015fkinin yaln\u0131zca camiyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar sevindirici geli\u015fmelerdi.<\/p>\n

Ancak burada bir ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Bir sanayici ailesinin do\u011fdu\u011fu veya b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fehre k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve hay\u0131r ama\u00e7l\u0131 eserler kazand\u0131rmas\u0131 elbette \u00f6nemlidir. Fakat \u015fehrin ekonomik geli\u015fmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00fcretim tesislerinin, yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n, istihdam\u0131n ve y\u00f6netim merkezlerinin \u015fehirle ili\u015fkisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi de ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir \u015fehre cami, okul, hastane veya k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezi kazand\u0131rmak, toplumsal sorumlulu\u011fun \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6stergesidir. Bununla birlikte s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ekonomik geli\u015fme, yeni \u00fcretim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve istihdam imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 da gerektirir.<\/p>\n

Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii’ne bakarken bunlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

Bir tarafta Adana’da b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek T\u00fcrkiye’nin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sermaye topluluklar\u0131ndan biri h\u00e2line gelen bir ailenin hik\u00e2yesi, di\u011fer tarafta zamanla ekonomik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015fka \u015fehirlere kapt\u0131ran Adana vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu iki hik\u00e2ye birbirinden tamamen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

Ancak caminin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015fehrin ekonomik gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri biraz da olumlu bir noktaya ta\u015f\u0131yordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Sabanc\u0131 ailesinin b\u00f6ylesine \u00f6nemli bir eserin yap\u0131m\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmas\u0131, Adana’n\u0131n kendi tarihindeki yerini unutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanlar ve aileler ba\u015fka \u015fehirlere ta\u015f\u0131nabilir, ekonomik faaliyetler farkl\u0131 merkezlere kayabilir. Fakat bir \u015fehre duyulan aidiyet yaln\u0131zca orada ya\u015famakla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Geride b\u0131rak\u0131lan eserler ve toplumsal katk\u0131lar da bu aidiyetin g\u00f6stergeleridir.<\/p>\n

Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii bu bak\u0131mdan Adana’n\u0131n ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haf\u0131zas\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir yere sahipti.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’n\u00fcn \u00fczerinde dururken zihnimdeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler yaln\u0131zca Sabanc\u0131 ailesiyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131. \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n eski a\u011falar\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahiplerini, pamuk tarlalar\u0131n\u0131 ve bu zenginlikler etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenen toplumsal hayat\u0131 da hat\u0131rlad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Adana’da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz baz\u0131 ki\u015filer, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u015fehrin gazinolar\u0131 ve pavyonlar\u0131yla da me\u015fhur oldu\u011funu anlatt\u0131lar. \u00d6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahiplerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n servetlerini e\u011flence hayat\u0131nda t\u00fcketti\u011fi, hatta tarlas\u0131n\u0131 satarak bu e\u011flence mek\u00e2nlar\u0131na giden insanlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde hik\u00e2yeler dinledik.<\/p>\n

Bu anlat\u0131lar\u0131n ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek, ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n zaman i\u00e7erisinde abart\u0131larak \u015fehir efsanesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bilmiyorum. Ancak Adana’n\u0131n bir d\u00f6nem sahip oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck tar\u0131msal zenginli\u011fin insanlar\u0131n hayat tarzlar\u0131n\u0131 da etkiledi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n e\u011flence hayat\u0131 yaln\u0131zca gazinolarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildi. \u015eehir, T\u00fcrkiye’de sinema k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015fmesinde de \u00f6nemli merkezlerden biri olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle 1960’l\u0131 ve 1970’li y\u0131llarda Adana’n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k hava sinemalar\u0131, kapal\u0131 salonlar\u0131 ve film da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m a\u011f\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sinema merkezi h\u00e2line geldi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmek ilgin\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

\u00c7evre \u015fehirlerden insanlar\u0131n Adana’ya sinema seyretmeye, sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 dinlemeye ve e\u011flenmeye geldikleri anlat\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bu geli\u015fme bana ekonomik zenginlikle k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayat aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Bir \u015fehirde tar\u0131m ve sanayi geli\u015ftik\u00e7e ticaret canlan\u0131r, insanlar\u0131n t\u00fcketim imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 artar ve e\u011flence ile sanat faaliyetleri de geli\u015fme f\u0131rsat\u0131 bulur. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ekonomik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015fka merkezlere kaymas\u0131, zamanla sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayat\u0131n da de\u011fi\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki sinema ve e\u011flence hayat\u0131n\u0131 bu a\u00e7\u0131dan de\u011ferlendirmek gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

Ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ekonomik ve toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlere ra\u011fmen Adana’n\u0131n tarih\u00ee ve do\u011fal g\u00fczelli\u011fini korumaya devam etmesi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Seyhan Nehri h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u015fehrin i\u00e7inden ak\u0131yor. Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc, Roma d\u00f6neminden beri oldu\u011fu yerde duruyor. Ulu Cami, Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131 d\u00f6neminin hat\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fat\u0131yor. B\u00fcy\u00fck Saat, Osmanl\u0131 modernle\u015fmesini hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor. Ziya Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n kabri, bir Tanzimat ayd\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n bu \u015fehirdeki son y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii ise Adana’da do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcyen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcn \u015fehirle kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkinin mimari sembollerinden biri olarak y\u00fckseliyor.<\/p>\n

\u015eehrin sokaklar\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131rken b\u00fct\u00fcn bu tarih\u00ee ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel katmanlar zihnimde birle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir tarafta End\u00fcl\u00fcs’ten Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na uzanan g\u00f6\u00e7lerin hat\u0131ras\u0131, di\u011fer tarafta \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n pamuk tarlalar\u0131 vard\u0131. Bir tarafta Ziya Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n \u015fiirleri, di\u011fer tarafta Ya\u015far Kemal’in \u0130nce Memed<\/em> roman\u0131ndaki a\u011falar, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ve dikenlerle \u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc tabiat bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ar\u015f\u0131daki esnaf\u0131n g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131, yedi\u011fimiz Adana kebab\u0131, i\u00e7ti\u011fimiz \u015falgam ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fler ise b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda bug\u00fcn\u00fcn Adana’s\u0131n\u0131 temsil ediyordu.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece Adana’y\u0131 yaln\u0131zca tarih\u00ee eserleri gezerek de\u011fil, tarih, edebiyat, ekonomi ve sosyoloji \u00fczerinden de tan\u0131maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olduk.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’den ayr\u0131l\u0131rken son kez d\u00f6n\u00fcp Seyhan Nehri’ne ve Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii’ne bakt\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Nehrin iki yakas\u0131ndaki a\u011fa\u00e7lar, parklarda dinlenen insanlar, foto\u011fraf \u00e7ektiren gen\u00e7ler ve kar\u015f\u0131da y\u00fckselen cami, haf\u0131zamda \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir manzara b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Fakat art\u0131k bu manzaran\u0131n arkas\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca tarih\u00ee ve mimari bir g\u00fczellik g\u00f6rm\u00fcyordum. Ayn\u0131 zamanda b\u00fcy\u00fck servetlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, toprak a\u011falar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131, sanayicilerin yeti\u015fti\u011fi, romanlar\u0131n yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, filmlerin \u00e7ekildi\u011fi ve ekonomik \u015fartlar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesiyle farkl\u0131 bir d\u00f6neme giren bir \u015fehrin hik\u00e2yesini de g\u00f6r\u00fcyordum.<\/p>\n

Adana, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte T\u00fcrkiye’nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fehirlerinden biriydi. Bug\u00fcn de \u00f6nemli bir \u015fehir olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ancak tarih\u00ee, co\u011frafi ve ekonomik potansiyelini yeniden de\u011ferlendirmesi gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n bereketli topraklar\u0131, Seyhan’\u0131n sular\u0131 ve \u015fehrin \u00fcretim tecr\u00fcbesi h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6nemli imk\u00e2nlar sunuyor.<\/p>\n

Bir \u015fehrin gelece\u011fini yaln\u0131zca ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki zenginliklerine dayanarak kurmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Ancak ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kendisini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc k\u0131lan unsurlar\u0131 anlamas\u0131, gelecekte hangi alanlarda geli\u015febilece\u011fini g\u00f6rmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n hik\u00e2yesi bana biraz da bunu hat\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir \u015fehrin ger\u00e7ek zenginli\u011fi yaln\u0131zca kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 servetlerde de\u011fil, o servetleri nas\u0131l \u00fcretti\u011finde, nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirdi\u011finde ve gelecek ku\u015faklara neler b\u0131rakabildi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sabanc\u0131 ailesinin hik\u00e2yesi, Adana’n\u0131n ekonomik y\u00fckseli\u015fini ve bu y\u00fckseli\u015fin zamanla T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde nas\u0131l geni\u015fledi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyordu. Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii ise ekonomik faaliyetlerin merkezi de\u011fi\u015fse de ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kurulan ba\u011flar\u0131n tamamen kopmak zorunda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Adana’dan ayr\u0131l\u0131rken zihnimde kalan da buydu.<\/p>\n

Seyhan’\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bir \u015fehri de\u011fil, tarihin farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinde olu\u015fmu\u015f bir medeniyet birikimini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

Ulu Cami’de Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131yla, Ziya Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n kabrinde Tanzimat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle, \u00c7ukurova’n\u0131n tabiat\u0131nda Ya\u015far Kemal’in roman kahramanlar\u0131yla, Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc’de Roma tarihiyle, Sabanc\u0131 Merkez Camii’nin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ise T\u00fcrkiye’nin sanayile\u015fme hik\u00e2yesiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Adana’n\u0131n kebab\u0131n\u0131 yemi\u015f, \u015falgam\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7mi\u015f, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015f, insanlar\u0131yla sohbet etmi\u015f ve sokaklar\u0131nda dola\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Fakat b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan daha \u00f6nemlisi, daha \u00f6nce bildi\u011fimi sand\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir \u015fehri yeniden tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Adana benim i\u00e7in art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca pamuk, kebap ve sanayi \u015fehri de\u011fildi. Tarihin, edebiyat\u0131n, sermayenin ve insan hayat\u0131n\u0131n birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeye de\u011fer bir \u00c7ukurova medeniyetiydi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

SEYHAN\u2019IN KIYISINDA B\u0130R \u015eEHR\u0130N HAFIZASI Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc\u2019den Ulu Cami\u2019ye, pamuk a\u011falar\u0131ndan sinema salonlar\u0131na bir \u00c7ukurova yolculu\u011fu…<\/p>\n

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\u0130brahim Halil ER<\/a>","tag_info":"\u0130brahim Halil ER","comment_count":"0","jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153.jpg","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153.jpg",1154,869,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-300x226.jpg",300,226,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-768x578.jpg",640,482,true],"large":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-1024x771.jpg",640,482,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153.jpg",1154,869,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153.jpg",1154,869,false],"covernews-slider-full":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-1115x715.jpg",1115,715,true],"covernews-slider-center":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-800x500.jpg",800,500,true],"covernews-featured":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-1024x771.jpg",1024,771,true],"covernews-medium":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-540x340.jpg",540,340,true],"covernews-medium-square":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-400x250.jpg",400,250,true],"sow-carousel-default":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-272x182.jpg",272,182,true],"sow-blog-portfolio":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-375x375.jpg",375,375,true],"sow-blog-grid":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-720x480.jpg",720,480,true],"sow-blog-alternate":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-950x630.jpg",950,630,true],"sow-recent-post":["https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/IMG_20261002_165153-216x216.jpg",216,216,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Edit\u00f6r","author_link":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/author\/simurgedebiyat-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"SEYHAN\u2019IN KIYISINDA B\u0130R \u015eEHR\u0130N HAFIZASI Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc\u2019den Ulu Cami\u2019ye, pamuk a\u011falar\u0131ndan sinema salonlar\u0131na bir \u00c7ukurova yolculu\u011fu...","authors":[{"term_id":99,"user_id":1,"is_guest":0,"slug":"simurgedebiyat-com","display_name":"Edit\u00f6r","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/er.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/er.jpeg"},"first_name":"","last_name":"","user_url":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wordpress","job_title":"","description":""},{"term_id":93,"user_id":2,"is_guest":0,"slug":"ibrahim-halil-er","display_name":"\u0130brahim Halil ER","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/indir.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/indir.jpeg"},"first_name":"","last_name":"","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":"Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131-yazar. 31 Aral\u0131k 1968 tarihinde Gaziantep\u2019in Nizip il\u00e7esinde do\u011fdu. Aslen Diyarbak\u0131rl\u0131 bir aileden olup, bu \u015fehrin ve \u00fclkenin me\u015fhur alimlerinden Muhammed Emin Er'in o\u011fludur.Babas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda dini ve Arabi ilimler okuyup ilmi ve ameli icaze ald\u0131. Gaziantep'te Aliye \u00d6mer Battal \u0130lkokulu (1981) ve Gaziantep \u0130mam Hatip Lisesi (1984)'ni, sonra Ankara Mimar Sinan Lisesini (1988) bitirdikten sonra Marmara \u00dcniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Tarih B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve Medine \u0130slam \u00dcniversitesi Arap Dili B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fcnde \u0130slam Tarihi ve Sanatlar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde\"\u0130slam Tarihi ve Sanatlar\u0131 \/ Emeviler D\u00f6neminde \u0130lim\" konulu teziyle master program\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131. Y\u00fcksek tahsilinin ard\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitli okullarda \u00f6\u011fretmen ve idareci olarak g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde kendi i\u015fiyle me\u015fgul oldu.\r\n\r\n\u0130brahim Halil Er'in ilk yaz\u0131s\u0131 1986'da Edebiyat dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan bir kitap tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131. Sonraki y\u0131llarda makaleleri; Milli Gazete, \u0130stiklal Gazetesi, Milat Gazetesi ile Anadolu Gen\u00e7lik, Gen\u00e7 \u0130stikbal, G\u00fclistan ve Milli \u015euur dergilerinde yer ald\u0131. Hedef Radyo ve Kanal 5 Televizyonunda Programlar yapt\u0131.\r\n\r\nT\u00fcrkiye Yazarlar Birli\u011fi Ankara \u015eubesi, \u00d6\u011f-Der, \u015euurlu \u00d6\u011fretmenler Derne\u011fi (Y\u00f6netim Kurulu), \u00d6z-Der, \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Derne\u011fi (Y\u00f6netim Kurulu), Tarih ve Strateji Derne\u011fi (Ba\u015fkan), Muhammed Emin Er \u0130lim K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Yard\u0131mla\u015fma Derne\u011fi (Ba\u015fkan) \u00fcyesidir. Evli olup; Muhammed Emin ve Erkam Tuna adlar\u0131nda iki o\u011ful babas\u0131d\u0131r. Hayat\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 Ankara'da devam ettirmektedir.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nESERLER\u0130:\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCennet Do\u011fuda Bir Yerdedir (Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri) (2006), Siyasal \u0130slam D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin Do\u011fu\u015fu (2016), Peygamberimizin E\u011fitim Metodu (2011), \u00c7anakkaleye Can Verenler (2013), \u00dcmmetin Dirili\u015fi \u00c7anakkale (2014), Son Osmanl\u0131 Alimi (2014), Seyda Muhammed Emin Er Hoca ile S\u00f6yle\u015filer (2016), \u00d6yk\u00fclerle Osmanl\u0131 Padi\u015fahlar\u0131 1-2 (2015), Selahaddin Eyyubi (2017), Hz. Muhammed\u2019in Mektuplar\u0131 ve Diplomasi (2017), As\u0131m\u2019\u0131n Nesli (2017), \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 ve Mehmet Akif (2015),\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\nKAYNAK\u00c7A: \u0130brahim Halil Er (Bilgi teyidi, 2014, 2017), \u0130hsan I\u015f\u0131k \/ Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Diyarbak\u0131rl\u0131 \u0130lim Adamlar\u0131 Yazarlar ve Sanat\u00e7\u0131lar (2014) - Resimli ve Metin \u00d6rnekli T\u00fcrkiye Edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr Adamlar\u0131 Ansiklopedisi (C. 12, 2018)."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5645"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5645\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5647,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5645\/revisions\/5647"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5645"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}