![\"End\u00fcl\u00fcs](\"https:\/\/www.kelambaz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/End%C3%BCl%C3%BCs-Tarih-ve-Medeniyeti-14.jpg.webp\")
<\/p>\nGranada’n\u0131n dar sokaklar\u0131ndan yukar\u0131 do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131karken Sierra Nevada’n\u0131n karl\u0131 zirveleri ufukta g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. End\u00fcl\u00fcs g\u00fcne\u015fi beyaz badanal\u0131 evlerin duvarlar\u0131na vuruyor, y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131n i\u00e7inden s\u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcp gelen bir medeniyetin izlerini ad\u0131m ad\u0131m canland\u0131r\u0131yordu g\u00f6zlerimin \u00f6n\u00fcnde. Yolun sonuna vard\u0131\u011f\u0131mda ise d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici mimari eserlerinden biri olan Elhamra Saray\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn ihti\u015fam\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131k\u0131verdi kar\u015f\u0131ma.<\/p>\n
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Arap\u00e7a “el-Hamr\u00e2” yani “K\u0131z\u0131l Kale” anlam\u0131na gelen Elhamra, ad\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn bat\u0131m\u0131nda k\u0131z\u0131l bir renge b\u00fcr\u00fcnen surlar\u0131ndan alm\u0131\u015f. 13. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Nasr\u00eeler taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilen bu saray, yaln\u0131zca bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdar ikametg\u00e2h\u0131 de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda bir \u015fehir, bir bah\u00e7e ve bir medeniyet tasavvuru bir nevi. Ayr\u0131ca End\u00fcl\u00fcs \u0130slam sanat\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan en g\u00f6rkemli \u00f6rneklerinden biri olarak kabul edilmekte.<\/p>\n
![\"End\u00fcl\u00fcs'\u00fcn](\"https:\/\/ia.tmgrup.com.tr\/207ff3\/0\/0\/0\/0\/0\/0?u=https:\/\/i.tmgrup.com.tr\/fikriyat\/\/album\/2018\/05\/03\/endulusun-incisi-el-hamra-sarayi-1525356158386.jpg&mw=752\")
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Saray\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131ndan i\u00e7eri ad\u0131m att\u0131\u011f\u0131m anda zaman\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f gibiydi. Kal\u0131n surlar\u0131n ard\u0131nda saklanan avlular, mermer havuzlar ve zarif kemerler, ziyaret\u00e7isini bamba\u015fka bir d\u00fcnyan\u0131n i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekiyordu. \u00d6zellikle Mersinli Avlu’nun uzun su havuzu, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ve \u00e7evresindeki s\u00fctunlar\u0131 bir ayna gibi yans\u0131t\u0131yor; mimari ile do\u011fa aras\u0131nda kusursuz bir uyum in\u015fa ediyordu.<\/p>\n
Elhamra’da dikkatimi en \u00e7ok \u00e7eken \u015fey s\u00fck\u00fbnet oldu. Binlerce ziyaret\u00e7iye ra\u011fmen mek\u00e2n\u0131n i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 bir huzur h\u00e2kimdi. Duvarlardaki geometrik s\u00fcslemeler, hat sanat\u0131n\u0131n zarif \u00f6rnekleri ve sonsuza uzan\u0131yormu\u015f hissi veren arabesk motifler ayn\u0131 zamanda bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n yans\u0131mas\u0131yd\u0131. Buradaki her detay, her desen, her s\u00fctun ve her kemer belirli bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
Patio de los Leones, yani Aslanl\u0131 Avlu’ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131mda y\u0131llard\u0131r kitaplarda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc nihayet ger\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. On iki mermer aslan\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fme, ince s\u00fctunlarla \u00e7evrili avlunun merkezinde yer al\u0131yordu. Akan suyun sesi, s\u0131cak End\u00fcl\u00fcs havas\u0131nda bir melodi gibi yank\u0131lan\u0131yordu. (UNESCO da saray\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden birinin mimari ile su ve bah\u00e7e kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesi oldu\u011funu vurguluyor. whc.unesco.org)<\/p>\n
Efsunlanm\u0131\u015f gibi y\u00fcr\u00fcrken g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn en \u00e7ok tak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 detaylardan biri, bir\u00e7ok kemer ve s\u00fcsleme ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde tekrar eden \u201cVe l\u00e2 g\u00e2libe ill\u00e2llah\u201d (Allah’tan ba\u015fka galip yoktur) ifadesiydi. Nasr\u00ee Hanedan\u0131’n\u0131n \u015fiar\u0131 olan bu s\u00f6z, saray\u0131n neredeyse her k\u00f6\u015fesine i\u015flenmi\u015f durumda. \u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta yaln\u0131zca dekoratif bir unsur gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de asl\u0131nda End\u00fcl\u00fcs M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir mesaj ta\u015f\u0131yor. Rivayete g\u00f6re bu ifade, Nasr\u00ee Devleti’nin kurucusu Muhammed bin Ahmer’in zaferlerinden sonra dile getirdi\u011fi bir s\u00f6zden do\u011fmu\u015f ve zamanla hanedan\u0131n sembol\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f. Saray\u0131n duvarlar\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce kez kar\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7\u0131kan bu c\u00fcmle; Elhamra’n\u0131n inan\u00e7, tevazu ve fanilik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin ta\u015fa i\u015flendi\u011fi mimari bir \u015faheser oldu\u011funu tasdikledi. Benim \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131m anlam ise \u015fu oldu: \u201cG\u00fc\u00e7, ihti\u015fam ve zafer gelip ge\u00e7icidir; kal\u0131c\u0131 olan yaln\u0131zca zamana meydan okuyan de\u011ferlerdir.”<\/p>\n
![\"El](\"https:\/\/image.hurimg.com\/i\/hurriyet\/90\/0x0\/62adcfbb4e3fe123a86daaa7.jpg\")
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Saray\u0131n hemen yan\u0131nda bulunan Generalife Bah\u00e7eleri ise Elhamra’n\u0131n ruhunu tamamlayan ba\u015fka bir d\u00fcnyayd\u0131. Su kanallar\u0131 boyunca ilerleyen yollar, servi a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ve reng\u00e2renk \u00e7i\u00e7ekler aras\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131rken End\u00fcl\u00fcs h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n\u0131n neden buray\u0131 yazl\u0131k ikametg\u00e2h olarak se\u00e7tiklerini anlamak zor de\u011fildi. Bah\u00e7elerdeki her k\u00f6\u015fe, insan\u0131 yava\u015flamaya ve \u00e7evresini seyretmeye davet ediyordu.<\/p>\n
Elhamra farkl\u0131 medeniyetlerin, inan\u00e7lar\u0131n ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin birbirine dokundu\u011fu bir tarih sahnesi dersek yan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmay\u0131z. 1492 y\u0131l\u0131nda Granada’n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesinin ard\u0131ndan Hristiyan h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar taraf\u0131ndan da kullan\u0131lan saray, daha sonra R\u00f6nesans mimarisinin izlerini ta\u015f\u0131yan yeni yap\u0131larla geni\u015fletilmi\u015f. B\u00f6ylece Elhamra, \u0130slam ve Avrupa sanat\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 mek\u00e2nda bulu\u015ftu\u011fu e\u015fsiz bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel mirasa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f.<\/p>\n
![\"\u0130spanya'n\u0131n](\"https:\/\/img-tlctv1.mncdn.com\/upload\/files\/articles\/ac34b82b-48e6-47a0-8dc8-dc7a31618294.jpg\")
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G\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda Albaic\u00edn mahallesindeki bir seyir noktas\u0131ndan Elhamra’ya son kez bakt\u0131m. Ak\u015fam g\u00fcne\u015fi surlar\u0131n \u00fczerine vurduk\u00e7a yap\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten de ad\u0131n\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 veriyor, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve alt\u0131n tonlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda par\u0131ld\u0131yordu. O an; buran\u0131n neden y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r \u015fairlere, ressamlara ve gezginlere ilham verdi\u011fini daha iyi anlad\u0131m. Kulakl\u0131\u011f\u0131mda \u201cEnd\u00fcl\u00fcs\u2019te Raks\u201d \u015fark\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7alarken Andalucia yani End\u00fcl\u00fcs b\u00f6lgesinin bir ba\u015fka \u015fehrine do\u011fru yola koyuldum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Granada’n\u0131n dar sokaklar\u0131ndan yukar\u0131 do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131karken Sierra Nevada’n\u0131n karl\u0131 zirveleri ufukta g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. End\u00fcl\u00fcs g\u00fcne\u015fi beyaz…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":4467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[220],"class_list":["post-4466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gezi"],"yoast_head":"\n