{"id":3323,"date":"2026-01-07T18:38:38","date_gmt":"2026-01-07T15:38:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/?p=3323"},"modified":"2026-01-08T14:14:04","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T11:14:04","slug":"yuzyilin-turkune-kasidesi-uzerine-bir-degerlendirme-i-bolum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/2026\/01\/07\/yuzyilin-turkune-kasidesi-uzerine-bir-degerlendirme-i-bolum\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cY\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n T\u00fcrk’\u00fcne\u201d Kasidesi \u00dczerine Bir De\u011ferlendirme (I.B\u00f6l\u00fcm)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Son y\u0131llarda geleneksel edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen naz\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerinden \u201cAruz\u201dla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fiirler artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Tam da unutulmaya y\u00fcz tuttu dedi\u011fimiz zamanda, b\u00f6ylesi bir geli\u015fme olduk\u00e7a sevindirici bir durum. Mesela \u201cAruz\u201d<\/i><\/em> deyince hemen akl\u0131ma geliveren iki aziz \u015fair dostum var: Ekrem Kaftan, Numan Cengiz.<\/p>\n

Ekrem Kaftan, Anadolu Ajans\u0131\u2019ndan emekli, uzun y\u0131llar Bab\u0131\u00e2li\u2019de gazetecilik yapm\u0131\u015f, \u015fair ve yazar dostlar\u0131m\u0131zdan biri. \u00d6zellikle aruz vezniyle m\u00fcthi\u015f \u015fiirler kaleme alan ve bu sahada birbirinden k\u0131ymetli kitaplar yay\u0131mlayan bir yaz\u0131 ustas\u0131. Numan Cengiz ise ilahiyat\u00e7\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretmen ve e\u011fitimci. Ankara Yenimahalle \u0130l\u00e7e Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019nden emekli bir aruz \u015fairimiz. Son be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r birer y\u0131l arayla yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f be\u015f k\u0131ymetli eseri var. Bunlardan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc aruz vezniyle, ikisi hece vezniyle kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u015fiir kitaplar\u0131. \u00d6zellikle aruzla yaz\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 eseri divan niteli\u011finde. Olduk\u00e7a hacimli, dolu dolu. Nesl-i Rev\u00e2n<\/i><\/em> 286, H\u00e2fiz-i Ferd\u00e2<\/i><\/em> 276, Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften Gelece\u011fe Nevr\u00fbh<\/i><\/em> 448, T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Ser\u00fcveni<\/i><\/em> 123, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Ser\u00fcveni<\/i><\/em> 52 sayfa tutar\u0131nda be\u015f \u015faheser \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma.<\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131da Numan Cengiz\u2019in \u201cGe\u00e7mi\u015ften Gelece\u011fe Nevr\u00fbh\u201d adl\u0131 eserinde yer alan \u201cY\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcne\u201d<\/i><\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 100 beyitlik kasidesini ele almak istiyorum. Dahas\u0131 bu uzun kasideyi bi\u00e7im, vezin, muhteva, dil-\u00fcslup ve edebiyat tarihi ba\u011flam\u0131nda incelemeyi arzu ediyorum. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bu kasidenin, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin kurucusu Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn elli yedi y\u0131ll\u0131k hayat\u0131n\u0131 kronolojik bir d\u00fczen i\u00e7erisinde ele almas\u0131 ve bunun tamamen aruz vezniyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ilk m\u00fcstakil kaside olmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcyle T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n en dikkat \u00e7ekici \u00f6rneklerinden birini te\u015fkil etti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Ayr\u0131ca s\u00f6z konusu kasidenin, \u201cKlasik divan \u015fiiri\u201d<\/i><\/em> gelene\u011fini modern tarih bilinciyle bulu\u015fturan neoklasik bir yap\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, bundan b\u00f6yle olduk\u00e7a \u00f6zg\u00fcn, s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\u00d6teden beri, geleneksel T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131nda kaside denildi\u011finde sadece \u015fiirsel bir yap\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda siyasi y\u00f6netimin ve toplumsal d\u00fczenin naz\u0131mla iletildi\u011fi veya yeniden \u00fcretildi\u011fi bir form veya i\u00e7erik akla gelir. Bu nedenle Osmanl\u0131 \u015fiirinde kasideler \u00e7o\u011funlukla padi\u015fah, \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6netim erki veya din\u00ee otoriteler \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu durum kasideyi iktidar odakl\u0131 bir t\u00fcr h\u00e2line d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u201cY\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcne\u201d kasidesi ise, bu tarihsel i\u015fleyi\u015fi tersine \u00e7eviren bir ama\u00e7 \u00fczerine odaklanm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kaside metninde methiyenin muhatab\u0131, ilah\u00ee veya hanedan merkezli bir siyasi fig\u00fcr de\u011fil; modern ulus devletin kurucusu Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019t\u00fcr. B\u00f6ylece kasidenin i\u00e7erdi\u011fi mesaj, monar\u015fik bir iktidar s\u00f6yleminden ulusal iradeyi temsil eden bir egemenlik s\u00f6ylemine ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca \u201cY\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcne\u201d kasidesi, bi\u00e7imsel a\u00e7\u0131dan klasik kaside b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korurken; i\u00e7erik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan modern tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu durum, metnin \u201cneoklasik\u201d<\/i><\/em> bir edeb\u00ee \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar. Ancak neoklasik yakla\u015f\u0131m burada ge\u00e7mi\u015fin taklidi de\u011fil, gelene\u011fin bilin\u00e7li bir bi\u00e7imde yeniden i\u015flerlik kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Bir de kaside, aruz vezni ve teknik yap\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da klasik divan edebiyat\u0131 format\u0131n\u0131 korumu\u015f, ba\u015ftan sona  <\/p>\n

Mef\u2018\u00fbl\u00fc \/ F\u00e2il\u00e2t\u00fcn \/ Mef\u2018\u00fbl\u00fc \/ F\u00e2il\u00e2t\u00fcn kal\u0131b\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylesi uzun soluklu bir metinde ayn\u0131 aruz kal\u0131b\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131, \u015fairin vezin h\u00e2kimiyetini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. \u0130male ve zihaflar, klasik \u015fiirde kabul edilen s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7erisinde tutulmu\u015f; anlam, vezin u\u011fruna zorlanmaya maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu teknik b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck, kaside metninin akademik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u201cba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir aruz uygulamas\u0131\u201d olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar. \u00d6zellikle biyografik \u00f6yk\u00fclemenin aruzla uyumlu bir bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131, modern temalar\u0131n klasik vezinle ifade edilebilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, ayr\u0131ca \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil eder.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda kasidenin muhtevas\u0131, tematik a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kompozisyona sahiptir. Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn hayat\u0131 kronolojik bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u00e7inde ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Dahas\u0131 do\u011fumundan ba\u015flayarak asker\u00ee e\u011fitimi, cephelerdeki m\u00fccadelesi, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6nemi, Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilan\u0131 ve ink\u0131laplar, kasidenin ana tematik eksenlerini olu\u015fturur. Bu ba\u011flamda kaside; biyografik, tarihsel ve ideolojik de\u011fil, medeniyet merkezli bir anlat\u0131 sunar. Ayr\u0131ca kasidenin metninde yer alan \u00c7anakkale, K\u00fbt\u2019\u00fcl Amm\u00e2re, Samsun, Erzurum, Sivas, \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Sakarya ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz gibi tarih\u00ee d\u00f6neme\u00e7ler, sadece bir dizi olay s\u0131ralamas\u0131 olarak de\u011fil, millet bilincinin in\u015fas\u0131 odakl\u0131 bir vurguyla ele al\u0131nmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaside, dil ve \u00fcslup bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da d\u00fczeyli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahiptir. Kullan\u0131lan dil, Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi temelli olmakla birlikte a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kapal\u0131l\u0131ktan, tumturakl\u0131 kelimelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nan bir denge g\u00f6zetir. Arap\u00e7a ve Fars\u00e7a tamlamalar, klasik \u015fiirin tabii unsurlar\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; ancak anlam\u0131n tamamen \u00f6rt\u00fclmesine izin verilmemi\u015ftir. Bir de \u00fcslup bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kasidenin metninde te\u015fbihler, istiareler, tarihsel telmihler, din\u00ee ve ahl\u00e2k\u00ee g\u00f6ndermeler yo\u011fun bir bi\u00e7imde yer al\u0131r. Mesela ank\u00e2, \u015f\u00eer, sef\u00eene, tufan gibi semboller, hem klasik hem modern anlam \u00f6rg\u00fcleriyle i\u015flerlik kazan\u0131r. Bu arada \u015funu unutmadan ifade etmek gerekir: Bir\u00e7ok edebiyat tarih\u00e7isi, divan \u015fiiri ile Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00e7ok keskin bir ayr\u0131\u015fma \u00fczerine oturdu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ne var ki son d\u00f6nem metinleri, bu ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6yle san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar abart\u0131l\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130\u015fte \u201cY\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcne\u201d kasidesi, \u00f6zellikle bu a\u00e7\u0131dan hem teorik hem tarihsel olarak bunun \u00f6rne\u011fini te\u015fkil etmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca klasik divan \u015fiirinin Cumhuriyet de\u011ferleriyle ba\u011fda\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131na dair \u00f6n kabulleri bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle aruz vezninin, sadece Osmanl\u0131 siyasetine ait bir kal\u0131nt\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bilakis T\u00fcrk edebiyat haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n daima var olan estetik unsuru oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece, bi\u00e7im ile siyaset aras\u0131ndaki zorunlu ba\u011f kopmu\u015f olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu kaside, edebiyat tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 noktada \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Bi\u00e7imsel S\u00fcreklilik: Aruz ve kaside gelene\u011finin teknik olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fini g\u00f6stermesi.<\/p>\n

Tematik D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm: Methiye veya \u00f6vg\u00fcn\u00fcn muhatab\u0131n\u0131 hanedandan millete, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla onun kurucu liderine y\u00f6nlendirmi\u015f olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Teorik Katk\u0131: Geleneksel divan \u015fiiri ile modern ulus devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 zeminde \u00f6zde\u015f h\u00e2le gelebilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlamas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 itibariyle Numan Cengiz\u2019in \u201cY\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcne\u201d adl\u0131 kasidesi, Cumhuriyet sonras\u0131 divan \u015fiiri tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda \u00f6rnek metin olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilecek niteliktedir. Dahas\u0131 klasik kaside formunu modern tarihsel bir \u015fahsiyet etraf\u0131nda yeniden in\u015fa eden neoklasik bir metindir. Bu nedenle kaside; bi\u00e7imsel yetkinli\u011fi, tematik b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve sembolik kurgusuyla, hem \u201cDivan \u015fiiri\u201d<\/i><\/em> gelene\u011fi hem Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi edebiyat\u0131<\/i><\/em> a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7ekici bir \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Son y\u0131llarda geleneksel edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen naz\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerinden \u201cAruz\u201dla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fiirler artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 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Tam da...","authors":[{"term_id":235,"user_id":40,"is_guest":0,"slug":"mesut-ozunlu","display_name":"Mesut \u00d6Z\u00dcNL\u00dc","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/mesut.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/mesut.jpeg"},"first_name":"","last_name":"","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":"Diyanet TV Yay\u0131n Denetmeni, Yazar, \u015eair, Redakt\u00f6r, \u00c7evirmen. \r\n1965 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ayd\u0131n ilinin Nazilli il\u00e7esinde do\u011fdu. 1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda Nazilli \u0130mam Hatip Lisesi\u2019nden, 1989\u2019da Gazi E\u011fitim \r\nFak\u00fcltesi Arap Dili E\u011fitimi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden, 2003\u2019te Anadolu \r\n\u00dcniversitesi A\u00d6F \u0130lahiyat Meslek Y\u00fcksek Okulu\u2019ndan mezun \r\noldu. 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bilgi ve g\u00f6rg\u00fcy\u00fc \r\nart\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131r bursuyla Kahire\u2019ye gitti. Burada Arap\u00e7a dil \r\nprati\u011fini ilerletti, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 ve ba\u015fkent Kahire\u2019yi inceleyip ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Uzun y\u0131llar Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Dini Yay\u0131nlar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce haz\u0131rlan\u0131p yay\u0131nlanan Diyanet Ayl\u0131k, \r\nAvrupa, Avrasya ve \u00c7ocuk Dergileri ile Diyanet Aile Dergisi\u2019nde tashih ve redaksiyon i\u015flerinden sorumlu memur olarak g\u00f6rev \r\nyapt\u0131. Belli aral\u0131klarla Almanya ve Romanya\u2019da imam hatiplik, \r\nSuudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n Cidde, Mekke ve Medine \u015fehirlerinde hac \r\nrehberli\u011fi ve terc\u00fcmanl\u0131k g\u00f6revlerinde bulundu. 2016-2017 \u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda Gazi \u00dcniversitesi, Ankara G\u00f6lba\u015f\u0131 Kamp\u00fcs\u00fc Yabanc\u0131 Diller Y\u00fcksek Okulu, Arap\u00e7a \u00d6\u011fretmenli\u011fi Haz\u0131rl\u0131k S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan haftal\u0131k 15\u2019er saat ek dersler verdi. Yakla\u015f\u0131k \r\nbe\u015f y\u0131l boyunca haftada bir g\u00fcn TRT Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00fcnyesinde Diyanet Televizyonu i\u00e7in yay\u0131n\u0131 uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclen programlar\u0131n yay\u0131n denetmenli\u011fi g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu g\u00f6revlerinin yan\u0131nda \u0130LESAM, YOYAV, Kurgan, Gen\u00e7lik ve \u00c7\u0131nar gibi \r\nbas\u0131l\u0131 dergiler ile Antolojim, Edebistan, D\u00fcnya Bizim, Bindall\u0131 \r\nEdebiyat, Yine Dergi, Edebiyat Defteri ve Dibace gibi bir\u00e7ok \r\nelektronik k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve edebiyat portal\u0131nda 200\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde \u015fiir, \r\n\u00f6yk\u00fc, an\u0131, makale ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma yaz\u0131s\u0131 yay\u0131mland\u0131. H\u00e2len Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Dini Yay\u0131nlar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Radyo ve \r\nTelevizyon Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda Yay\u0131n Denetleme Komisyonu \r\n\u00dcyesi olarak g\u00f6rev yapmaktad\u0131r. Sekizi \r\nkendine, alt\u0131s\u0131 ikili veya \u00e7oklu komisyonlara ait 14 adet kitab\u0131 \r\nbulunmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye Yazarlar Birli\u011fi (TYB), T\u00fcrkiye \u0130lim ve \r\nEdebiyat Eseri Sahipleri Meslek Birli\u011fi (\u0130LESAM) \u00fcyesidir."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/40"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3323"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3323\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3326,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3323\/revisions\/3326"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3338"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3323"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/simurgedebiyat.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}